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Friday, June 28, 2019

Family of Indiana Black man killed by officer files lawsuit as Buttigieg acknowledges mistakes

A civil rights lawsuit has been filed by the family of a Black man who was fatally shot by a South Bend, Ind., police officer.

The family filed the lawsuit on Wednesday, ABC News reports.

Eric Logan, 54, was killed June 16 when, the police officer Ryan O’Neill fired his weapon during an incident that took place as  the officer followed up on a report of car break-ins in the downtown area.

The officer defended shooting Logan saying he confronted him in a parking lot and only shot him after he threatened him with a knife. But this remains unconfirmed because O’Neill did not have his body camera on at the time of the incident.

READ MORE: Police shooting of Black man poses Pete Buttigieg’s biggest 2020 challenge yet

The family of the victim strongly opposes O’Neill’s narrative of events.

“The misconduct was objectively unreasonable and undertaken with willfulness and reckless indifference to the rights of others,” the lawsuit stated. “Defendant O’Neill violated Plaintiff’s constitutional rights intentionally subjecting him to unlawful, unequal treatment on the basis of his race.”

The case has drawn national attention not only because its racial implications, but the city in which it occurred is where Democrat presidential candidate Pete Buttigieg serves as mayor.

Buttigieg has been hammered by residents and outraged community members over the handling of the shooting. At a town hall he attended on Sunday while skipping scheduled campaign stops, he acknowledged his mistakes in dealing with tension between the Black community and the South Bend Police Department.

“The effort to recruit more minority officers to the police department and the effort to introduce body cameras have not succeeded and I accept responsibility for that,” Buttigieg said.

OPINION:  It’s time for Mayor Pete Buttigieg to resign and shut down his 2020 presidential campaign

Logan’s family also blames Buttigieg for failing to properly train officers or hand down a punishment for misconduct.

“You running for president and you want Black people to support you, and vote for you…that’s not going to happen,” one upset resident told Buttigieg at a town hall meeting held last Sunday.

In response, the mayor sent an email to supporters.

“It was a painful but needed conversation. And I feel overwhelmed and heartened by the number of people — supporters and critics — who have reached out and made it clear over the past week that they want to join hands and face these problems together,” the mayor wrote. “Our American values are at stake in the need for us to address the deep mistrust of police and governments among communities of color, which flows directly from the consequences of systemic racism.”

At a news conference late Sunday, he said the circumstance of the shooting would be thoroughly investigated and he called on anyone who may have witnessed the shooting to come forward and to speak to investigators.

“We will be striving to reach out to community members,” said Buttigieg, whose campaign said he canceled plans to speak at a Democratic National Committee LGBTQ Gala in New York on Monday evening.

Logan’s family is seeking undisclosed compensatory and punitive damages. O’Neill has since been placed on administrative leave.

During the second round of Democratic debates Thursday night, he was asked why his police force had not increased from 6 percent Black officers in a city that has a 26 percent African American population.

“Because I couldn’t get it done,” Buttigieg said. “My community is in anguish right now because of an officer-involved shooting — a Black man, Eric Logan, killed by a white officer. I’m not allowed to take sides until the investigation comes back. The officer says he was attacked with a knife, but he didn’t have his body camera on.

“It’s a mess and we’re hurting,” he continued. “And I could walk you through all of the things we have done as a community, all of the steps we’ve taken, from bias training to de-escalation. But it didn’t save the life of Eric Logan.”

The post Family of Indiana Black man killed by officer files lawsuit as Buttigieg acknowledges mistakes appeared first on theGrio.



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How JPMorgan Chase is Using $50 Million to Assist Black Detroit Residents

JPMorgan Chase is making a new $50 million commitment to help black Detroit residents buy homes, get job training, as well as start or expand small businesses in the next three years. The fresh investment will boost the nation’s largest bank’s total commitment in the Motor City to $200 million by late 2022.

The additional commitment comes as JPMorgan Chase exceeded its initial five-year, $150 million commitment to help with Detroit’s economic recovery, which included helping women, minority, and veteran entrepreneurs.

The new data-driven investment builds on the initial progress that helped boost the city’s recovery through the creation of sustainable loan programs for small businesses like the Entrepreneurs of Color Fund, the bank said in a news release. It also increased access to affordable housing and job training and targets the gaps in the city’s economic recovery.

Despite the city’s continued economic progress, a city made up of almost 80% African Americans, only 25% of Detroit households are considered middle class, according to Detroit Future City. The bank’s $50 million in philanthropic and business investments will help further break down barriers to opportunity so that more long-term residents of Detroit, especially black Detroiters, can access job training, become homeowners, and grow small businesses.

The announcement was made Wednesday in Detroit. Attendees included JPMorgan Chase Chairman and CEO Jamie Dimon, Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan and Sonya Mays, CEO, Develop Detroit.

“Too many people are being left behind, and we need to build an economy that works for everyone,” Dimon stated. “Our new investment in Detroit will help the system work for more people—giving more Detroiters access to the tools they need to succeed, stay and benefit from Detroit’s continued recovery. A good education, the skills to secure a good job, a home, and the capital and assistance to start and grow a small business are some of the tools to creating opportunity and a society where everyone benefits. I continue to believe Detroit is an example to our country and the world of what can be achieved through cooperation to solve today’s biggest challenges. And that is why we continue to invest here and apply what we’ve learned here in other cities.”

The Motor City is where the banking and financial services powerhouse tested, developed, and refined its proven model for driving inclusive growth in cities. JPMorgan Chase said its investment in Detroit yielded valuable insights that turned into new investments in other cities, including Chicago, Greater Washington. and Greater Paris through an initiative called AdvancingCities. The program is a $500 million, five-year initiative focused on investing business and philanthropic capital in solutions that bolster the long-term vitality of the world’s cities–and the communities within them.

 



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NFL’s Josh Norman donates thousands to aid immigrants as border crisis continues

The horrifying photos of children looking dirty and unkempt, sleeping on a concrete floor at the U.S.-Mexican border has captivated the world and compelled NFL star Josh Norman to donate $18,000 to the Humanitarian Respite Center in McAllen, Tex.

On Thursday, the Washington Redskins cornerback gave the generous donation to the organization which is run by the Catholic Charities of the Rio Grande Valley as a proactive measure to take action amid a harrowing crisis at the U.S.-Mexico border, ABC News reports.

READ MORE: Trump’s new move to limit asylum challenged in court

Norman has been the highest paid cornerback in the NFL for several years now.

“Kudos to Josh Norman with the Washington Redskins for visiting the humanitarian respite center/McAllen today & contributing to our response to restore human dignity,” wrote Norma Seni Pimentel, the charity’s executive director thanked Norman and posted a picture of Norman with an oversized check along with kids at the facility on Twitter.

This week, the House passed a $4.5 Billion emergency Border Aid Bill to address the humanitarian collapse in which migrants are discovered to be living in squalid conditions.

Some $3 billion has been earmarked to take care of the unaccompanied migrant children in the custody of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) who have been living in deplorable conditions, The Texas Tribune reports.

Norman has been a low-key supporter for immigrant children and last June he gifted children at a local detention center with hundreds of toys, treats, books and school supplies after hearing about Trump’s restrictive “zero tolerance” policy.

READ MORE: 81 migrant children separated from families since June

“We all see it, but nobody’s moving to action,” told The Washington Post last year. “And to be honest with you, I would actually like to have done more. … Because it was needed.”

He slammed anyone who dared to criticize him for his charitable work: “You want to say that I can’t speak on any other issues but watching football games, then you should turn your effin’ channel,” Norman said. “’Cause ain’t no way in heck you’re going to tell me, as a person, as a tax-paying citizen, any differently. I have more than enough rights to say whatever the heck I feel like saying. As long as I pay taxes, you can’t tell me anything.”

The post NFL’s Josh Norman donates thousands to aid immigrants as border crisis continues appeared first on theGrio.



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Africa Cup of Nations: Amr Warda returns to Egypt squad two days after being suspended

Hosts Egypt recall Amr Warda to their Africa Cup of Nations squad two days after they sent the midfielder home for disciplinary reasons.

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A New Approach to Treat Mental Illness: Electrical Engineering

Opinion: An electrical device has the potential to treat Alzheimer’s, PTSD, and other brain disorders. But do the risks outweigh the potential?

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Welp, We Might Be Getting a 'Final Fantasy XIV' TV Show

Hopefully it'll turn out better than the game itself.

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Nipsey Hussle reportedly called his killer a ‘snitch’ before he was shot dead

According to recently released grand jury transcripts rapper Nipsey Hussle confronted his killer about being a “snitch” before he was gunned down outside his Marathon Clothing Store in March.

On Thursday, the transcripts were unsealed by Los Angeles Judge Robert Perry and the recent revelation aligned with rumors that have swirled saying Hussle, 33, had a heated exchange of words with Eric Ronald Holder Jr. before he was killed in cold blood, NBC News reports.

A witness testified that he heard the rapper, born Ermias Asghedom, chastise Holder about past transgressions.

“Nipsey was like, ‘Man, you know, they got some paperwork on you, you know. I haven’t read it, you know. Like you my bro, you know. Like maybe you need to take care of that, you know,’ ” the witness said before a grand jury in early May.

The witness reportedly said Hussle’s words served as a warning to Holder but didn’t know why. Another unidentified witness testified that as Holder shot down Hussle, the rapper uttered “you’re through” to his alleged killer. He also reportedly tried to say a name before he died.

The two men had once been close friends, according to NBC Los Angeles.

The transcripts were released despite efforts by Holder’s defense team and prosecutors to keep them sealed for fear he couldn’t get a fair trial. Those arguments were rejected by Perry.

“Everything in the transcript is of an incriminating nature,” L.A. County Deputy District Attorney John McKinney said Thursday outside court.

Authorities say the 29-year-old fatally shot Hussle on March 31 and wounded two other people at the rapper’s South Los Angeles clothing store. Back in March, LAPD Chief Michel Moore told press they believed Holder got into a verbal altercation with Hussle prior to the shooting, stating, “Mr. Holder walked up on multiple occasions and engaged in conversations,” which were about a “personal matter between the two of them.”

Holder, whose mental state had long been a matter of concern, also allegedly pistol-whipped a neighbor just one hour before Nipsey’s murder.

Holder was characterized during the grand jury hearing as being a gang member and was reportedly carrying a silver revolver and a black semi-automatic the day Hussle was killed. Hussle was shot at least 10 times and eight casings from a .40-caliber pistol were recovered at the crime scene.

In April, Holder pleaded not guilty to murder and two counts of attempted murder along with felony firearm possession.

The post Nipsey Hussle reportedly called his killer a ‘snitch’ before he was shot dead appeared first on theGrio.



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WIRED Book of the Month: *Fall; or, Dodge in Hell* by Neal Stephenson

In Fall; or, Dodge in Hell, the sci-fi author tracks our inevitable descent into AR-enabled filter bubbles—only to leave it all behind.

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New Balance's Latest Shoes Come With 3D-Printed Soles

3D printing has other benefits besides personalization. It keeps manufacturing in the United States.

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Nene Leakes says she was ‘Asking for a friend’ about ‘Husband’ talking to a ‘female employee’

Fans of Nene Leakes are wondering if the Real Housewives of Atlanta star is having marital trouble with her husband Gregg Leakes after an inquiry online led folks to believe that he was talking to another woman behind her back.

On Wednesday, Nene took to Twitter to ask if a man who talked to a female employee without the wife’s knowledge overstepped his boundaries. But she insists she was asking for a friend. However that didn’t stop her fans from speculating that marital trouble was brewing between the couple, PEOPLE reports.

READ MORE: Nene Leakes says she’s definitely on season 12 of RHOA despite suspension rumors

 

Well since Leakes is the owner of multiple clothing boutiques, she does fit the bill of someone who has employees. Also, her husband has recently finished chemotherapy treatment and during the course of it, the two were at odds on the reality show with Nene lashing out several times on social media about just how “mean” her husband was.

One fan asked who the mystery man was she was referring to.

“@greggleaks?!?” one fan wrote asking with several question marks.

READ MORE: Nene Leakes accuses ‘RHOA’ costar Kim Zolciak-Biermann and family of racism again

Another fan didn’t buy the shade Nene was dishing out.

“Sounds like a story line to get you back to being relevant on RHOA and it sounds like another thing there putting it there to justify you leaving Gregg… you’ve been doing that for quite a while now,” another user tweeted.

“You need to have that deep conversation with Gregg. Before you jump to conclusions. Communication is very important! But, actually listen to what he is saying don’t read anything into your conversation. Pray before you talk to him. Ask GOD to intervene!” another fan said.

Last March, Nene denied rumors that she was splitting with her husband who she was caring for as he battled stage 3 colon cancer at the time.

READ MORE: NeNe Leakes claps back at reports of split with husband

The post Nene Leakes says she was ‘Asking for a friend’ about ‘Husband’ talking to a ‘female employee’ appeared first on theGrio.



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5 Queer People on How They Found Their Chosen Families

Whether online or IRL, here's how five LGBTQ+ people found their community.

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Want Your Kid to Play Pro Soccer? Sign Her Up for Basketball

Elite athletes are specializing in their sports earlier and earlier, but some sports medicine experts say that won't help you make it to the pros.

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Taser Maker Says It Won't Use Facial Recognition in Bodycams

Axon, the maker of Tasers and police bodycams, said it won't deploy facial recognition systems, after a company ethics board recommended against it.

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Africa Cup of Nations: What to look out for on day eight in Egypt

Algeria beat Senegal to reach the last 16 in the Africa Cup of Nations on Thursday, but which other favourites clash on day eight?

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What is behind Mali's massacres?

Mali is in the grip of increased Islamist and ethnic violence. Are the current strategies working?

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The Terrifying Unknowns of an Exotic Invasive Tick

The Asian longhorned tick showed up in the US last year and has flourished in unexpected places. And it's biting humans.

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Senators Try—Again—to Solve the Nuclear Waste Debacle

A bipartisan group is trying to find a place, or perhaps many places, to bury nuclear waste by making it harder for everyone to say no.

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DR Congo copper and cobalt miners killed in Kolwezi

The governor of Lualaba province says the fatalities are "clandestine artisanal diggers".

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Thursday, June 27, 2019

Why is an African chief's skull mentioned in the Versailles Treaty?

Chief Mkwawa died 16 years before WW1 began but his skull was mentioned in the treaty that ended the conflict.

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Steven Levy on Jony Ive’s Design Legacy

Apple’s lead designer, who retired from the company, changed the expectations not just of technology design, but the role of design in consumer products.

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Africa's top shots: 21-27 June 2019

A selection of the week's best photos from across the continent and beyond.

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Tunisia President Beji Caid Essebsi suffers 'severe health crisis'

The world's oldest president, aged 92, won Tunisia's first free presidential elections in 2014.

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That Viral 'Gyro Drop' Ride Was Fake. Here's How You Can Tell

A popular video about an amusement park ride with a crazy drop turned out to be fake. This physics analysis spells it out.

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Did Cory Booker side-eye Beto O’Rourke for upstaging him by speaking Spanish first?

Today’s water cooler conversation about last night’s Democratic presidential debate likely centered on the moment Beto O’Rourke made Cory Booker almost lose his religion with what appeared to be a dirty look when the Texas congressman broke out and spoke Spanish.

Booker became an instant meme when he seemed to size up O’Rourke’s Spanish-speaking skills with a side-eye that was heard around the internet Wednesday night, TIME reports.

Perhaps Booker wasn’t feeling that O’Rourke beat him to the punch since he’s bilingual himself and often speaks Spanish in interviews with Univision.

READ MORE: Beto O’Rourke does mea culpa on The View; hints Stacey Abrams could be running mate

Twitter quickly took note though of Booker’s not-so-poker-face.

“Cory Booker watching Beto speak Spanish is shook honey,” one person commented.

Booker himself took it in stride when he commented about it later on CNN.

Wednesday night while Booker’s reaction took center stage, there were other candidates who fought for position  and pleaded their case to become President, including: New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio, former HUD Secretary Julián Castro, former Maryland Rep. John Delaney, Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, Washington Gov. Jay Inslee, Minnesota Sen. Amy Klobuchar, Ohio Rep. Tim Ryan and Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren.

Booker did have a time to shine and ultimately spoke some Spanish in his response, but it wasn’t as well-received as O’Rourke’s Spanish moment was and more so became the focus of social media memes.

Two other candidates found the moment laughable too. They get to hit the stage Thursday night in the second round of the debate.

 

On Thursday night, taking the stage will be Colorado Sen. Michael Bennet; former Vice President Joe Biden; South Bend, Ind., Mayor Pete Buttigieg; New York Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand; California Sen. Kamala Harris; former Colorado Gov. John Hickenlooper; Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders; California Rep. Eric Swalwell; writer and spiritual guru Marianne Williamson and entrepreneur Andrew Yang. Español

READ MORE: Kamala Harris pressed to get more personal about why she’s running for president

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Desalination Is Booming as Cities Run out of Water

In California alone there are 11 desalination plants, with 10 more proposed. But there are big downsides to making seawater drinkable.

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Repour Wine Saver Review: A Cheap Way to Keep Your Wine from Spoiling

This simple gadget keeps a bottle of wine tasting fresh for days on end.

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8 Essential Books in the Queer Comics Canon

Want more comics with LGBTQ+ characters? Start here.

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The 20 Most Bike-Friendly Cities on the Planet

The 2019 Copenhagenize Index ranks the world's urban hubs on how much they're doing to promote life on two wheels.

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The Health Effects of Wildfire Smoke May Last a Lifetime

Emerging research suggests exposure to wildfire smoke may alter the immune system for years.

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Acer Swift 7 Laptop Review (2019): Mostly Wonderful

The new Acer ultrabook is ultrathin, ultralight, and gets all-day battery life. It's a road warriors dream.

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Drugs were a factor in the death of Toni and Tamar Braxton’s niece, autopsy reveals

Ethiopia 'arrests' dozens of opposition supporters

It follows an attempt at a regional coup, in which the army chief of staff was shot dead.

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#KimOhNo: Be Grateful That Kim Kardashian Is Bad at Puns

She's calling her new shapewear line "Kimono"—which is both terrible and terribly useful.

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The Cypherpunks Tapping Bitcoin via Ham Radio

For a small group of bitcoin enthusiasts, the internet is a vulnerability. They're using satellites, ham radios, and mesh networks to stay current on the cryptocurrency.

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China's investment in Africa: Everything you need to know

Vincent Ni and Larry Madowo explain the complex relationship between China and African countries.

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Africa Cup of Nations: What to look out for on day seven in Egypt

Nigeria and Egypt booked places in the last 16 of the Africa Cup of Nations on Wednesday, but which other favourites clash on day seven?

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How Hackers Turn Microsoft Excel's Own Features Against It

A pair of recent findings show how hackers can compromise Excel users without any fancy exploits.

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Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Women's World Cup: Fifa opens disciplinary proceedings against Cameroon

Fifa opens disciplinary proceedings against Cameroon for team misconduct, offensive behaviour and fair play breaches during the Women's World Cup loss to England.

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Drag-and-drop data analytics

In the Iron Man movies, Tony Stark uses a holographic computer to project 3-D data into thin air, manipulate them with his hands, and find fixes to his superhero troubles. In the same vein, researchers from MIT and Brown University have now developed a system for interactive data analytics that runs on touchscreens and lets everyone — not just billionaire tech geniuses — tackle real-world issues.

For years, the researchers have been developing an interactive data-science system called Northstar, which runs in the cloud but has an interface that supports any touchscreen device, including smartphones and large interactive whiteboards. Users feed the system datasets, and manipulate, combine, and extract features on a user-friendly interface, using their fingers or a digital pen, to uncover trends and patterns.

In a paper being presented at the ACM SIGMOD conference, the researchers detail a new component of Northstar, called VDS for “virtual data scientist,” that instantly generates machine-learning models to run prediction tasks on their datasets. Doctors, for instance, can use the system to help predict which patients are more likely to have certain diseases, while business owners might want to forecast sales. If using an interactive whiteboard, everyone can also collaborate in real-time.  

The aim is to democratize data science by making it easy to do complex analytics, quickly and accurately.

“Even a coffee shop owner who doesn’t know data science should be able to predict their sales over the next few weeks to figure out how much coffee to buy,” says co-author and long-time Northstar project lead Tim Kraska, an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science in at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) and founding co-director of the new Data System and AI Lab (DSAIL). “In companies that have data scientists, there’s a lot of back and forth between data scientists and nonexperts, so we can also bring them into one room to do analytics together.”

VDS is based on an increasingly popular technique in artificial intelligence called automated machine-learning (AutoML), which lets people with limited data-science know-how train AI models to make predictions based on their datasets. Currently, the tool leads the DARPA D3M Automatic Machine Learning competition, which every six months decides on the best-performing AutoML tool.    

Joining Kraska on the paper are: first author Zeyuan Shang, a graduate student, and Emanuel Zgraggen, a postdoc and main contributor of Northstar, both of EECS, CSAIL, and DSAIL; Benedetto Buratti, Yeounoh Chung, Philipp Eichmann, and Eli Upfal, all of Brown; and Carsten Binnig who recently moved from Brown to the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany.

An “unbounded canvas” for analytics

The new work builds on years of collaboration on Northstar between researchers at MIT and Brown. Over four years, the researchers have published numerous papers detailing components of Northstar, including the interactive interface, operations on multiple platforms, accelerating results, and studies on user behavior.

Northstar starts as a blank, white interface. Users upload datasets into the system, which appear in a “datasets” box on the left. Any data labels will automatically populate a separate “attributes” box below. There’s also an “operators” box that contains various algorithms, as well as the new AutoML tool. All data are stored and analyzed in the cloud.

The researchers like to demonstrate the system on a public dataset that contains information on intensive care unit patients. Consider medical researchers who want to examine co-occurrences of certain diseases in certain age groups. They drag and drop into the middle of the interface a pattern-checking algorithm, which at first appears as a blank box. As input, they move into the box disease features labeled, say, “blood,” “infectious,” and “metabolic.” Percentages of those diseases in the dataset appear in the box. Then, they drag the “age” feature into the interface, which displays a bar chart of the patient’s age distribution. Drawing a line between the two boxes links them together. By circling age ranges, the algorithm immediately computes the co-occurrence of the three diseases among the age range.  

“It’s like a big, unbounded canvas where you can lay out how you want everything,” says Zgraggen, who is the key inventor of Northstar’s interactive interface. “Then, you can link things together to create more complex questions about your data.”

Approximating AutoML

With VDS, users can now also run predictive analytics on that data by getting models custom-fit to their tasks, such as data prediction, image classification, or analyzing complex graph structures.

Using the above example, say the medical researchers want to predict which patients may have blood disease based on all features in the dataset. They drag and drop “AutoML” from the list of algorithms. It’ll first produce a blank box, but with a “target” tab, under which they’d drop the “blood” feature. The system will automatically find best-performing machine-learning pipelines, presented as tabs with constantly updated accuracy percentages. Users can stop the process at any time, refine the search, and examine each model’s errors rates, structure, computations, and other things.

According to the researchers, VDS is the fastest interactive AutoML tool to date, thanks, in part, to their custom “estimation engine.” The engine sits between the interface and the cloud storage. The engine leverages automatically creates several representative samples of a dataset that can be progressively processed to produce high-quality results in seconds.

“Together with my co-authors I spent two years designing VDS to mimic how a data scientist thinks,” Shang says, meaning it instantly identifies which models and preprocessing steps it should or shouldn’t run on certain tasks, based on various encoded rules. It first chooses from a large list of those possible machine-learning pipelines and runs simulations on the sample set. In doing so, it remembers results and refines its selection. After delivering fast approximated results, the system refines the results in the back end. But the final numbers are usually very close to the first approximation.

“For using a predictor, you don’t want to wait four hours to get your first results back. You want to already see what’s going on and, if you detect a mistake, you can immediately correct it. That’s normally not possible in any other system,” Kraska says. The researchers’ previous user study, in fact, “show that the moment you delay giving users results, they start to lose engagement with the system.”

The researchers evaluated the tool on 300 real-world datasets. Compared to other state-of-the-art AutoML systems, VDS’ approximations were as accurate, but were generated within seconds, which is much faster than other tools, which operate in minutes to hours.

Next, the researchers are looking to add a feature that alerts users to potential data bias or errors. For instance, to protect patient privacy, sometimes researchers will label medical datasets with patients aged 0 (if they do not know the age) and 200 (if a patient is over 95 years old). But novices may not recognize such errors, which could completely throw off their analytics.  

“If you’re a new user, you may get results and think they’re great,” Kraska says. “But we can warn people that there, in fact, may be some outliers in the dataset that may indicate a problem.”



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A new way to make droplets bounce away

In many situations, engineers want to minimize the contact of droplets of water or other liquids with surfaces they fall onto. Whether the goal is keeping ice from building up on an airplane wing or a wind turbine blade, or preventing heat loss from a surface during rainfall, or preventing salt buildup on surfaces exposed to ocean spray, making droplets bounce away as fast as possible and minimizing the amount of contact with the surface can be key to keeping systems functioning properly.

Now, a study by researchers at MIT demonstrates a new approach to minimizing the contact between droplets and surfaces. While previous attempts, including by members of the same team, have focused on minimizing the amount of time the droplet spends in contact with the surface, the new method instead focuses on the spatial extent of the contact, trying to minimize how far a droplet spreads out before bouncing away.

The new findings are described in the journal ACS Nano in a paper by MIT graduate student Henri-Louis Girard, postdoc Dan Soto, and professor of mechanical engineering Kripa Varanasi. The key to the process, they explain, is creating a series of raised ring shapes on the material’s surface, which cause the falling droplet to splash upward in a bowl-shaped pattern instead of flowing out flat across the surface.

The work is a followup on an earlier project by Varanasi and his team, in which they were able to reduce the contact time of droplets on a surface by creating raised ridges on the surface, which disrupted the spreading pattern of impacting droplets. But the new work takes this farther, achieving a much greater reduction in the combination of contact time and contact area of a droplet.

In order to prevent icing on an airplane wing, for example, it is essential to get the droplets of impacting water to bounce away in less time than it takes for the water to freeze. The earlier ridged surface did succeed in reducing the contact time, but Varanasi says “since then, we found there’s another thing at play here,” which is how far the drop spreads out before rebounding and bouncing off. “Reducing the contact area of the impacting droplet should also have a dramatic impact on transfer properties of the interaction,” Varanasi says.

The team initiated a series of experiments that demonstrated that raised rings of just the right size, covering the surface, would cause the water spreading out from an impacting droplet to splash upward instead, forming a bowl-shaped splash, and that the angle of that upward splash could be controlled by adjusting the height and profile of those rings. If the rings are too large or too small compared to the size of the droplets, the system becomes less effective or doesn’t work at all, but when the size is right, the effect is dramatic.

It turns out that reducing the contact time alone is not sufficient to achieve the greatest reduction in contact; it’s the combination of the time and area of contact that’s critical. In a graph of the time of contact on one axis, and the area of contact on the other axis, what really matters is the total area under the curve — that is, the product of the time and the extent of contact. The area of the spreading was “was another axis that no one has touched” in previous research, Girard says. “When we started doing so, we saw a drastic reaction,” reducing the total time-and-area contact of the droplet by 90 percent. “The idea of reducing contact area by forming ‘waterbowls’ has far greater effect on reducing the overall interaction than by reducing contact time alone,” Varanasi says.

As the droplet starts to spread out within the raised circle, as soon as it hits the circle’s edge it begins to deflect. “Its momentum is redirected upward,” Girard says, and although it ends up spreading outward about as far as it would have otherwise, it is no longer on the surface, and therefore not cooling the surface off, or leading to icing, or blocking the pores on a “waterproof” fabric.

Credit: Henri-Louis Girard, Dan Soto, and Kripa Varanas

The rings themselves can be made in different ways and from different materials, the researchers say — it’s just the size and spacing that matters. For some tests, they used rings 3-D printed on a substrate, and for others they used a surface with a pattern created through an etching process similar to that used in microchip manufacturing. Other rings were made through computer controlled milling of plastic.

While higher-velocity droplet impacts generally can be more damaging to a surface, with this system the higher velocities actually improve the effectiveness of the redirection, clearing even more of the liquid than at slower speeds. That’s good news for practical applications, for example in dealing with rain, which has relatively high velocity, Girard says. “It actually works better the faster you go,” he says.

In addition to keeping ice off airplane wings, the new system could have a wide variety of applications, the researchers say. For example, “waterproof” fabrics can become saturated and begin to leak when water fills up the spaces between the fibers, but when treated with the surface rings, fabrics kept their ability to shed water for longer, and performed better overall, Girard says. “There was a 50 percent improvement by using the ring structures,” he says.

The research was supported by MIT’s Deshpande Center for Technological Innovation.



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Libya crisis: UN-backed government 'retakes' key town of Gharyan

Gharyan was a main supply base for an offensive on Tripoli by insurgents loyal to Khalifa Haftar.

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Egypt 2-0 DR Congo: Mohamed Salah helps Africa Cup of Nations hosts into last 16

Mohamed Salah's goal helps hosts Egypt beat DR Congo and move into the last 16 of the Africa Cup of Nations.

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What Facebook Privacy? Candidates’ Tough Talk Is Just That

More than 50 percent of US lawmakers use Facebook tracking technology known as a pixel—including some of Facebook's biggest critics.

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Why Morocco could be next for revolution, after Sudan and Algeria

Half of Moroccans asked by a major BBC Arabic survey say they want immediate political change.

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Rappers want fellow artist Loon out of prison and are petitioning the White House for it

A group of rappers have banded together to rally behind Harlem rapper Loon and petitioned President Trump to advocate for his release from prison where he’s serving a 14-year sentence.

Born Chauncey Lamont Hawkins, the “How You Want That” rapper was once signed to Puff Daddy’s Bad Boy Records but was arrested in 2011 and in 2013 was convicted on drug charges. Loon is serving time for conspiracy with intent to traffic one or more kilos of heroin and his fellow rap artists thinks he’s got a chance to get out.

READ MORE: Meek Mill, now a soldier for reform, gets recognition for his stance against injustice in the system

One precedent to site in a case like this is Kim Kardashian who met with Trump and ultimately had a hand in getting Alice Johnson her freedom after her drug conviction. Kardashian has been working with the Buried Alive Project to help win freedom for at least 17 inmates.

Vibe reports that a number of artists signed a letter addressed to Trump on June 13, including Snoop Dogg, Kevin Garnett, Jason Flom, movie producer Scott Budnick, Faith Evans, Stevie J, Roc Nation rapper Freeway, model Jeremy Meeks.

Loon has since changed his name to Amir Junaid Muhadith, converted to Islam and put his music career behind him in 2008.

In April he wrote a statement about his fight to get released:

“This administration’s commitment to criminal justice reform has given me hope that I might see justice in my case,” Loon said, according to AllHipHop.

Loon told Vibe: “It is only through the overwhelming push by this administration to change the state of our criminal justice system that real progress is finally being made.”

“Alongside an extraordinary group of individuals such as Weldon Angelos, Jason Flom, Faith Evans, Kevin Garnett, Jessica Jackson Sloan at #cut50 and so many others who are not only advocating on my behalf but seek to support broader change for a broken and unjust system. It is through my own desire for change and the support of so many that I return back to society as an asset to my community, a loving husband and father, and an advocate in our battle for real criminal justice reform.”

READ MORE: Cardi B’s post-indictment Instagram photo teases new movie ‘Hustlers’

In the petition which was organized by former producer Weldon Angelos, they wrote to Trump:

“We strongly urge you to grant him [Loon] a presidential commutation of sentence without delay,” he wrote. “It’s ridiculous that this talented individual was given such a long sentence for merely making an introduction. What purpose is served by keeping him in prison? He completely changed his life around years before he was indicted. This is just another example of a wasteful and destructive criminal justice system.”

If things don’t work out. Loon is scheduled to be out anyway in November 2021.

The post Rappers want fellow artist Loon out of prison and are petitioning the White House for it appeared first on theGrio.



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The AI-Fueled, Anxious Hopefulness of Disney's 'Smart House'

Twenty years ago the Disney Channel original film presented a world where humans were far less afraid of digital assistants than we are now.

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Google's Matías Duarte on the History of Smartphone Notifications

A conversation with Matías Duarte, one of the designers of Android, about how notifications grew from an idea to a relentless buzz.

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I Scraped Millions of Venmo Payments. Your Data Is at Risk

Opinion: Venmo makes sending and receiving money a social affair. But those emoji-laden payment descriptions leave you exposed to cyberattacks.

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Nigeria Ore road helicopter 'picked up stroke victim'

A helicopter company insists a motorway rescue was an emergency, not a billionaire escaping traffic.

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Nene Leakes says she’s definitely on season 12 of RHOA despite suspension rumors

Real Housewives of Atlanta star Nene Leakes is telling people don’t believe the hype and says she’ll be back for season 12 of the show despite reports that she’s been suspended after she put some hands on a cameraman and caused a commotion on the reality show last season.

Leakes says it’s all lies.

READ MORE: NeNe Leakes rips shirt off cameraman during emotional episode of RHOA

“I have never been suspended,” Leakes said during an interview on Atlanta’s Majic Radio Show with host Vic Jagger. “And I am on season 12, thank you very much,” she said clapping back at the rumors she’s been cut from the show.

If you missed it, last season ended with quite the dust-up when Leakes got into a physical altercation with a cameraman who was merely trying to film her cast mates entering her closet, PEOPLE reports. She grabbed him, ripped his shirt, and it was rumored that she even knocked out the man’s tooth.

From there, stories circulated that Leakes was in big trouble and was suspended from the show for the violent altercation. People have also said she was busy filming a spinoff but she denies it.

“No, that’s not true,” she says about the spinoff. “If I’ve gotten a spinoff, they haven’t told me yet, and I need them to tell me.”

“I haven’t filmed a thing,” she added. “I read that, too. If I had a spinoff, I’d be happily telling you.”

READ MORE: Cynthia Bailey and NeNe Leakes end nine-year friendship during RHOA reunion

So it’s unclear where Leakes will end up but we do know how all of confusion started.

Last season, Porsha Williams and Kandi Burruss ventured into sacred territory of Leakes’ closet and that’s when took a shocking turn.

“Can I see your closet now?” Burruss asked Leakes, which she refused.

During her cutaway, Burruss explains to the audience that Leakes always talks up her closet and after years of hearing about it, she wanted to finally see it for herself.

Hampton encourages Burruss to ignore Leakes and go into the closet and she went with a very pregnant Williams right behind her. Leakes yelled at them to get out, however, when the cameras tried to follow, and a confrontation began.

WATCH: Nene Leakes goes IN on everyone at ‘RHOA’ reunion

Leakes took the cameraman to task and flung him away from her closet. More reportedly happened off camera that was said to be pretty violent.

“[He] got choked up, scratched up, and went to the hospital,” Williams told Leakes about what happened to the camera during the reunion show. “He absolutely had scratches on his back and absolutely got choked up and had his head smashed against the wall. He went to the hospital!”

“His tooth got knocked out,” Burruss added. Leakes later apologized.

The post Nene Leakes says she’s definitely on season 12 of RHOA despite suspension rumors appeared first on theGrio.



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Riyad Mahrez and wife ordered to pay former nanny

The Manchester City footballer and his wife Rita "failed to pay certain expenses", a judge says.

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Serena Williams lands coveted cover of Wheaties box, and it’s about time

Amazon Fire 7 Kids Edition 2019 Review: Good for Tiny Hands

Worry-free tablets like the 2019 Fire 7 are great for small, sticky hands. Read our full review of it, and FreeTime Unlimited.

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Facebook’s Libra Cryptocurrency Betrays the Company’s True Ambitions

The social network wants to enable easy, inexpensive global commerce, sure. But its ultimate goals are a little more … geopolitical.

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Translating proteins into music, and back

Want to create a brand new type of protein that might have useful properties? No problem. Just hum a few bars.

In a surprising marriage of science and art, researchers at MIT have developed a system for converting the molecular structures of proteins, the basic building blocks of all living beings, into audible sound that resembles musical passages. Then, reversing the process, they can introduce some variations into the music and convert it back into new proteins never before seen in nature.

Although it’s not quite as simple as humming a new protein into existence, the new system comes close. It provides a systematic way of translating a protein’s sequence of amino acids into a musical sequence, using the physical properties of the molecules to determine the sounds. Although the sounds are transposed in order to bring them within the audible range for humans, the tones and their relationships are based on the actual vibrational frequencies of each amino acid molecule itself, computed using theories from quantum chemistry.

The system was developed by Markus Buehler, the McAfee Professor of Engineering and head of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at MIT, along with postdoc Chi Hua Yu and two others. As described today in the journal ACS Nano, the system translates the 20 types of amino acids, the building blocks that join together in chains to form all proteins, into a 20-tone scale. Any protein’s long sequence of amino acids then becomes a sequence of notes.

While such a scale sounds unfamiliar to people accustomed to Western musical traditions, listeners can readily recognize the relationships and differences after familiarizing themselves with the sounds. Buehler says that after listening to the resulting melodies, he is now able to distinguish certain amino acid sequences that correspond to proteins with specific structural functions. “That’s a beta sheet,” he might say, or “that’s an alpha helix.”

Learning the language of proteins

The whole concept, Buehler explains, is to get a better handle on understanding proteins and their vast array of variations. Proteins make up the structural material of skin, bone, and muscle, but are also enzymes, signaling chemicals, molecular switches, and a host of other functional materials that make up the machinery of all living things. But their structures, including the way they fold themselves into the shapes that often determine their functions, are exceedingly complicated. “They have their own language, and we don’t know how it works,” he says. “We don’t know what makes a silk protein a silk protein or what patterns reflect the functions found in an enzyme. We don’t know the code.”

By translating that language into a different form that humans are particularly well-attuned to, and that allows different aspects of the information to be encoded in different dimensions — pitch, volume, and duration — Buehler and his team hope to glean new insights into the relationships and differences between different families of proteins and their variations, and use this as a way of exploring the many possible tweaks and modifications of their structure and function. As with music, the structure of proteins is hierarchical, with different levels of structure at different scales of length or time.

The new method translates an amino acid sequence of proteins into this sequence of percussive and rhythmic sounds. Courtesy of Markus Buehler.

The team then used an artificial intelligence system to study the catalog of melodies produced by a wide variety of different proteins. They had the AI system introduce slight changes in the musical sequence or create completely new sequences, and then translated the sounds back into proteins that correspond to the modified or newly designed versions. With this process they were able to create variations of existing proteins — for example of one found in spider silk, one of nature’s strongest materials — thus making new proteins unlike any produced by evolution.

The percussive, rhythmic, and musical sounds heard here are generated entirely from amino acid sequences. Courtesy of Markus Buehler.

Although the researchers themselves may not know the underlying rules, “the AI has learned the language of how proteins are designed,” and it can encode it to create variations of existing versions, or completely new protein designs, Buehler says. Given that there are “trillions and trillions” of potential combinations, he says, when it comes to creating new proteins “you wouldn’t be able to do it from scratch, but that’s what the AI can do.”

“Composing” new proteins

By using such a system, he says training the AI system with a set of data for a particular class of proteins might take a few days, but it can then produce a design for a new variant within microseconds. “No other method comes close,” he says. “The shortcoming is the model doesn’t tell us what’s really going on inside. We just know it works.”

This way of encoding structure into music does reflect a deeper reality. “When you look at a molecule in a textbook, it’s static,” Buehler says. “But it’s not static at all. It’s moving and vibrating. Every bit of matter is a set of vibrations. And we can use this concept as a way of describing matter.”

The method does not yet allow for any kind of directed modifications — any changes in properties such as mechanical strength, elasticity, or chemical reactivity will be essentially random. “You still need to do the experiment,” he says. When a new protein variant is produced, “there’s no way to predict what it will do.”

The team also created musical compositions developed from the sounds of amino acids, which define this new 20-tone musical scale. The art pieces they constructed consist entirely of the sounds generated from amino acids. “There are no synthetic or natural instruments used, showing how this new source of sounds can be utilized as a creative platform,” Buehler says. Musical motifs derived from both naturally existing proteins and AI-generated proteins are used throughout the examples, and all the sounds, including some that resemble bass or snare drums, are also generated from the sounds of amino acids.

The researchers have created a free Android smartphone app, called Amino Acid Synthesizer, to play the sounds of amino acids and record protein sequences as musical compositions.

“Markus Buehler has been gifted with a most creative soul, and his explorations into the inner workings of biomolecules are advancing our understanding of the mechanical response of biological materials in a most significant manner,” says Marc Meyers, a professor of materials science at the University of California at San Diego, who was not involved in this work.

Meyers adds, “The focusing of this imagination to music is a novel and intriguing direction. This is experimental music at its best. The rhythms of life, including the pulsations of our heart, were the initial sources of repetitive sounds that engendered the marvelous world of music. Markus has descended into the nanospace to extract the rythms of the amino acids, the building blocks of life.”

The team also included research scientist Zhao Qin and Francisco Martin-Martinez at MIT. The work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the National Institutes of Health.



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Kenyan MP arrested after threatening foreign traders

A politician sparks a diplomatic row by threatening to beat up Tanzanian traders if they do not leave.

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One Boy’s Dream Vacation to Bauma, a Festival of Giant Construction Equipment

The author brought his 5-year-old son to the world’s largest building industry expo. “Hi, Dad,” he says from the seat of a hulking dump truck. “I’m ginormous!”

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How to Watch the 2020 Democratic Primary Debate Wednesday and Thursday

Twenty candidates. Two nights. A bunch of 60-second answers. Probably at least one meme. Here's how to watch.

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The Democratic Debates Will Be About Climate—Disguised as Other Issues

Every issue the presidential hopefuls will debate this week is deeply tied to climate change. The question is what the candidates will do about it.

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Senators Want Facebook to Put a Price on Your Data. Is That Possible?

A bill introduced by senators Mark Warner and Josh Hawley would require big tech companies to disclose the data they collect and value it for each user.

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Africa Cup of Nations: What to look out for on day six

Cameroon made a winning start to their title defence on Tuesday, but what's in store on day six of the Africa Cup of Nations?

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Tuesday, June 25, 2019

Africa Cup of Nations: Holders Cameroon too strong for Guinea-Bissau

Cameroon begin the defence of their Africa Cup of Nations crown with victory over Guinea-Bissau in Group F.

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Africa Cup of Nations: Ayew brothers on target as Ghana draw with Benin

Andre and Jordan Ayew both score as 10-man Ghana are forced to settle for a draw against Benin at the Africa Cup of Nations.

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For Catherine Drennan, teaching and research are complementary passions

Catherine Drennan says nothing in her job thrills her more than the process of discovery. But Drennan, a professor of biology and chemistry, is not referring to her landmark research on protein structures that could play a major role in reducing the world’s waste carbons. 

“Really the most exciting thing for me is watching my students ask good questions, problem-solve, and then do something spectacular with what they’ve learned,” she says. 

For Drennan, research and teaching are complementary passions, both flowing from a deep sense of “moral responsibility.” Everyone, she says, “should do something, based on their skill set, to make some kind of contribution.” 

Drennan’s own research portfolio attests to this sense of mission. Since her arrival at MIT 20 years ago, she has focused on characterizing and harnessing metal-containing enzymes that catalyze complex chemical reactions, including those that break down carbon compounds. 

She got her start in the field as a graduate student at the University of Michigan, where she became captivated by vitamin B12. This very large vitamin contains cobalt and is vital for amino acid metabolism, the proper formation of the spinal cord, and prevention of certain kinds of anemia. Bound to proteins in food, B12 is released during digestion. 

“Back then, people were suggesting how B12-dependent enzymatic reactions worked, and I wondered how they could be right if they didn’t know what B12-dependent enzymes looked like,” she recalls. “I realized I needed to figure out how B12 is bound to protein to really understand what was going on.” 

Drennan seized on X-ray crystallography as a way to visualize molecular structures. Using this technique, which involves bouncing X-ray beams off a crystallized sample of a protein of interest, she figured out how vitamin B12 is bound to a protein molecule. 

“No one had previously been successful using this method to obtain a B12-bound protein structure, which turned out to be gorgeous, with a protein fold surrounding a novel configuration of the cofactor,” says Drennan. 

Carbon-loving microbes show the way 

These studies of B12 led directly to Drennan’s one-carbon work. “Metallocofactors such as B12 are important not just medically, but in environmental processes,” she says. “Many microbes that live on carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or methane — eating carbon waste or transforming carbon — use metal-containing enzymes in their metabolic pathways, and it seemed like a natural extension to investigate them.” 

Some of Drennan’s earliest work in this area, dating from the early 2000s, revealed a cluster of iron, nickel, and sulfur atoms at the center of the enzyme carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH). This so-called C-cluster serves hungry microbes, allowing them to “eat” carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. 

Recent experiments by Drennan analyzing the structure of the C-cluster-containing enzyme CODH showed that in response to oxygen, it can change configurations, with sulfur, iron, and nickel atoms cartwheeling into different positions. Scientists looking for new avenues to reduce greenhouse gases took note of this discovery. CODH, suggested Drennan, might prove an effective tool for converting waste carbon dioxide into a less environmentally destructive compound, such as acetate, which might also be used for industrial purposes. 

Drennan has also been investigating the biochemical pathways by which microbes break down hydrocarbon byproducts of crude oil production, such as toluene, an environmental pollutant. 

“It’s really hard chemistry, but we’d like to put together a family of enzymes to work on all kinds of hydrocarbons, which would give us a lot of potential for cleaning up a range of oil spills,” she says. 

The threat of climate change has increasingly galvanized Drennan’s research, propelling her toward new targets. A 2017 study she co-authored in Science detailed a previously unknown enzyme pathway in ocean microbes that leads to the production of methane, a formidable greenhouse gas: “I’m worried the ocean will make a lot more methane as the world warms,” she says. 

Drennan hopes her work may soon help to reduce the planet’s greenhouse gas burden. Commercial firms have begun using the enzyme pathways that she studies, in one instance employing a proprietary microbe to capture carbon dioxide produced during steel production — before it is released into the atmosphere — and convert it into ethanol. 

“Reengineering microbes so that enzymes take not just a little, but a lot of carbon dioxide out of the environment — this is an area I’m very excited about,” says Drennan. 

Creating a meaningful life in the sciences 

At MIT, she has found an increasingly warm welcome for her efforts to address the climate challenge.  

“There’s been a shift in the past decade or so, with more students focused on research that allows us to fuel the planet without destroying it,” she says. 

In Drennan’s lab, a postdoc, Mary Andorfer, and a rising junior, Phoebe Li, are currently working to inhibit an enzyme present in an oil-consuming microbe whose unfortunate residence in refinery pipes leads to erosion and spills. “They are really excited about this research from the environmental perspective and even made a video about their microorganism,” says Drennan. 

Drennan delights in this kind of enthusiasm for science. In high school, she thought chemistry was dry and dull, with no relevance to real-world problems. It wasn’t until college that she “saw chemistry as cool.” 

The deeper she delved into the properties and processes of biological organisms, the more possibilities she found. X-ray crystallography offered a perfect platform for exploration. “Oh, what fun to tell the story about a three-dimensional structure — why it is interesting, what it does based on its form,” says Drennan. 

The elements that excite Drennan about research in structural biology — capturing stunning images, discerning connections among biological systems, and telling stories — come into play in her teaching. In 2006, she received a $1 million grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) for her educational initiatives that use inventive visual tools to engage undergraduates in chemistry and biology. She is both an HHMI investigator and an HHMI professor, recognition of her parallel accomplishments in research and teaching, as well as a 2015 MacVicar Faculty Fellow for her sustained contribution to the education of undergraduates at MIT. 

Drennan attempts to reach MIT students early. She taught introductory chemistry classes from 1999 to 2014, and in fall 2018 taught her first introductory biology class. 

“I see a lot of undergraduates majoring in computer science, and I want to convince them of the value of these disciplines,” she says. “I tell them they will need chemistry and biology fundamentals to solve important problems someday.” 

Drennan happily migrates among many disciplines, learning as she goes. It’s a lesson she hopes her students will absorb. “I want them to visualize the world of science and show what they can do,” she says. “Research takes you in different directions, and we need to bring the way we teach more in line with our research.” 

She has high expectations for her students. “They’ll go out in the world as great teachers and researchers,” Drennan says. “But it’s most important that they be good human beings, taking care of other people, asking what they can do to make the world a better place.” 

This article appears in the Spring 2019 issue of Energy Futures, the magazine of the MIT Energy Initiative. 



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Study: Social robots can benefit hospitalized children

A new study demonstrates, for the first time, that “social robots” used in support sessions held in pediatric units at hospitals can lead to more positive emotions in sick children.

Many hospitals host interventions in pediatric units, where child life specialists will provide clinical interventions to hospitalized children for developmental and coping support. This involves play, preparation, education, and behavioral distraction for both routine medical care, as well as before, during, and after difficult procedures. Traditional interventions include therapeutic medical play and normalizing the environment through activities such as arts and crafts, games, and celebrations.

For the study, published today in the journal Pediatrics, researchers from the MIT Media Lab, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Northeastern University deployed a robotic teddy bear, “Huggable,” across several pediatric units at Boston Children’s Hospital. More than 50 hospitalized children were randomly split into three groups of interventions that involved Huggable, a tablet-based virtual Huggable, or a traditional plush teddy bear. In general, Huggable improved various patient outcomes over those other two options.  

The study primarily demonstrated the feasibility of integrating Huggable into the interventions. But results also indicated that children playing with Huggable experienced more positive emotions overall. They also got out of bed and moved around more, and emotionally connected with the robot, asking it personal questions and inviting it to come back later to meet their families. “Such improved emotional, physical, and verbal outcomes are all positive factors that could contribute to better and faster recovery in hospitalized children,” the researchers write in their study.

Although it is a small study, it is the first to explore social robotics in a real-world inpatient pediatric setting with ill children, the researchers say. Other studies have been conducted in labs, have studied very few children, or were conducted in public settings without any patient identification.

But Huggable is designed only to assist health care specialists — not replace them, the researchers stress. “It’s a companion,” says co-author Cynthia Breazeal, an associate professor of media arts and sciences and founding director of the Personal Robots group. “Our group designs technologies with the mindset that they’re teammates. We don’t just look at the child-robot interaction. It’s about [helping] specialists and parents, because we want technology to support everyone who’s invested in the quality care of a child.”

“Child life staff provide a lot of human interaction to help normalize the hospital experience, but they can’t be with every kid, all the time. Social robots create a more consistent presence throughout the day,” adds first author Deirdre Logan, a pediatric psychologist at Boston Children’s Hospital. “There may also be kids who don’t always want to talk to people, and respond better to having a robotic stuffed animal with them. It’s exciting knowing what types of support we can provide kids who may feel isolated or scared about what they’re going through.”

Joining Breazeal and Logan on the paper are: Sooyeon Jeong, a PhD student in the Personal Robots group; Brianna O’Connell, Duncan Smith-Freedman, and Peter Weinstock, all of Boston Children’s Hospital; and Matthew Goodwin and James Heathers, both of Northeastern University.

Boosting mood

First prototyped in 2006, Huggable is a plush teddy bear with a screen depicting animated eyes. While the eventual goal is to make the robot fully autonomous, it is currently operated remotely by a specialist in the hall outside a child’s room. Through custom software, a specialist can control the robot’s facial expressions and body actions, and direct its gaze. The specialists could also talk through a speaker — with their voice automatically shifted to a higher pitch to sound more childlike — and monitor the participants via camera feed. The tablet-based avatar of the bear had identical gestures and was also remotely operated.

During the interventions involving Huggable — involving kids ages 3 to 10 years — a specialist would sing nursery rhymes to younger children through robot and move the arms during the song. Older kids would play the I Spy game, where they have to guess an object in the room described by the specialist through Huggable.  

Through self-reports and questionnaires, the researchers recorded how much the patients and families liked interacting with Huggable. Additional questionnaires assessed patient’s positive moods, as well as anxiety and perceived pain levels. The researchers also used cameras mounted in the child’s room to capture and analyze speech patterns, characterizing them as joyful or sad, using software.

A greater percentage of children and their parents reported that the children enjoyed playing with Huggable more than with the avatar or traditional teddy bear. Speech analysis backed up that result, detecting significantly more joyful expressions among the children during robotic interventions. Additionally, parents noted lower levels of perceived pain among their children.

The researchers noted that 93 percent of patients completed the Huggable-based interventions, and found few barriers to practical implementation, as determined by comments from the specialists.

A previous paper based on the same study found that the robot also seemed to facilitate greater family involvement in the interventions, compared to the other two methods, which improved the intervention overall. “Those are findings we didn’t necessarily expect in the beginning,” says Jeong, also a co-author on the previous paper. “We didn’t tell family to join any of the play sessions — it just happened naturally. When the robot came in, the child and robot and parents all interacted more, playing games or in introducing the robot.”

An automated, take-home bot

The study also generated valuable insights for developing a fully autonomous Huggable robot, which is the researchers’ ultimate goal. They were able to determine which physical gestures are used most and least often, and which features specialists may want for future iterations. Huggable, for instance, could introduce doctors before they enter a child’s room or learn a child’s interests and share that information with specialists. The researchers may also equip the robot with computer vision, so it can detect certain objects in a room to talk about those with children.

“In these early studies, we capture data … to wrap our heads around an authentic use-case scenario where, if the bear was automated, what does it need to do to provide high-quality standard of care,” Breazeal says.

In the future, that automated robot could be used to improve continuity of care. A child would take home a robot after a hospital visit to further support engagement, adherence to care regimens, and monitoring well-being.

“We want to continue thinking about how robots can become part of the whole clinical team and help everyone,” Jeong says. “When the robot goes home, we want to see the robot monitor a child’s progress. … If there’s something clinicians need to know earlier, the robot can let the clinicians know, so [they’re not] surprised at the next appointment that the child hasn’t been doing well.”

Next, the researchers are hoping to zero in on which specific patient populations may benefit the most from the Huggable interventions. “We want to find the sweet spot for the children who need this type of of extra support,” Logan says.



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Arnold Schwarzenegger Stars in a New Ad Plugging Electric Cars

The former Terminator and California governor poses as a sleazy car salesman and makes patently ridiculous arguments against going electric.

from Wired https://ift.tt/2Fx4Yjq
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Beauty queen 'raped by Gambia's ex-President Jammeh'

Three women tell HRW how they were assaulted by the now exiled leader - allegations his party deny.

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Physics Tricks to Make Steph Curry's Golf Show More Extreme

*Holey Moley* forces mini-golfers to surmount an obstacle course to win. But the options for physics-inspired golf stunts are endless—here are a few ideas.

from Wired http://bit.ly/2XAVq0U
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Rihanna cheered for using body positive curvy mannequins at Fenty pop-up shop

Rihanna is here for the curvy girls as evidenced by her body positive mannequins displayed at a Fenty clothing pop-up shop at The Webster in NYC.

New Nike ‘Dream Crazier’ campaign features full-figured Alabama State University dancers in body positive campaign

The 31-year-old singer and beauty mogul is used to breaking boundaries. Now she’s made sure her designs are not only inclusive for women on the fluffier side, but her mannequins are also being applauded for being curvier than usually seen in department stores by including stomach pouches and love handles, PEOPLE reports.

And fans couldn’t be happier sharing their enthusiasm for the move on social media.

Recently Rihanna, who has admitted that her own body is changing, said when she designed the Fenty line, she kept various body types in mind.

“Of course we have our fit models, which is the standard size from factories,” she told E! News. “But then I want to see it on my body. I want to see it on a curvy girl with thighs and a little bit of booty and hips — and now I have boobs that I never had before!”

“All of these things I take into consideration because I want women to feel confident in my stuff,” she said.

Cardi B buys daughter Kulture $100k in baby bling, and tears into TMZ for reporting felony charges

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Steve Harvey tells talk show audience “it’s a celebration” in his series finale preview and announces plan to send 7 students to college

On Wednesday we will finally get to see Steve Harvey say goodbye to his Steve daytime talk show during the series finale and he’s seemingly in good spirits about what’s to come.

With increased concerns over D.R. deaths Steve Harvey switching locations for Sand and Soul event

“I appreciate y’all coming today. This is a celebration. This is all about seven years coming to a close, but this is good … you’ve got to understand how it works” the 62-year-old said.

Harvey is taking the high road and offering up life advice on his way out after learning that his popular talk show was cancelled and it’s set to be replaced by Kelly Clarkson’s show. But the popular comedian’s not taking offense, PEOPLE reports.

“See, your life ain’t nothing but a book,” he continues. “I happen to be 62 years old. I am in the middle of my 62nd chapter of the book that I’m writing. I’ve had some good chapters, had some bad chapters, had some chapters that lasted a little bit longer than I wanted [them] to.”

“That homeless chapter — way too long,” he said to laughter. “That was three chapters long: I’m homeless, I’m still homeless — damn, I really am homeless!”

“But in this 62nd chapter, I’ve got my finger on the corner of the page. All I’m doing is about to turn it. I can’t wait to see what God got for me on that other page,” he said.

“All I’m doing is I’m about to turn it,” he says. “And I can’t wait to see what God got for me on that other page.”

He also revealed that the final episode will feature Bishop T.D. Jakes, and a special surprise.

“I’ve got seven boys that I want you to meet,” he says. “Today, my wife and I, our foundation and Omega Psi Phi fraternity, we’re sending seven African-American boys to the same school [Kent State University] I flunked out of.”

Steve Harvey replaced by Melissa McCarthy as ‘Little Big Shots’ host

Harvey’s show was cancelled in May and reruns will run through September. Harvey spoke previous about how he learned that he was given the boot, saying he wish the network was more forthcoming with the information.

“I’m an honorable guy, I’m just an old school guy, and I just thought that you’re supposed to talk to people and go, ‘Look, you’ve been good business for us. This is what we’re thinking of doing. Are you okay with that?’ ” he said. “No, you don’t just put something in the paper and say, ‘I’m going make this move right here,’ because it’s crazy.”

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Aliou Sall, Senegal president's brother, resigns post amid corruption claim

Aliou Sall was named in a BBC investigation over links to allegedly corrupt oil and gas deals.

from BBC News - Africa https://bbc.in/2RzshxC
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Inside the Room Where They Control the Weather Satellites

Low Earth orbit satellites spin around the earth, slurping up temperature and humidity data, and feeding the numbers to supercomputer weather models.

from Wired http://bit.ly/2RzJdUW
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A New Kind of Space Camp Teaches the Art of Martian Medicine

Enrollees—mainly engineers and health workers—pretend to live on Mars, wear spacesuits, and ride in ATVs as medical disasters crop up around them.

from Wired http://bit.ly/2xf1ai5
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The Challenge of Helping Blind People Navigate Indoors

The very existence of Indoor Explorer, which uses Bluetooth beacons to map public indoor spaces, has profound implications for the debate over the role of giant tech platforms.

from Wired http://bit.ly/2RwQpRG
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HBO doc ‘True Justice’ explores lawyer Bryan Stevenson’s defense of death row inmates and his lynching memorial

Civil rights attorney Bryan Stevenson rarely slows down, friends and family say. It seems he’s always looking over details on death penalty cases from his Montgomery, Alabama-based Equal Justice Initiative. If he’s not speaking on the criminalization of black men, Stevenson is researching another historical site connected to an episode of racial violence.

But a new HBO documentary on Stevenson attempts to get him to sit, speak and explain why he believes the legacy of lynchings of African Americans in the U.S. is directly linked to those who have wrongly been put on death row. In his mind, racial structures of oppression have remained in the U.S. judicial system since the Jim Crow-era and the death penalty is merely their direct descendant.

“Most people don’t know about our history of lynching,” Stevenson told The Associated Press in a phone interview shortly after receiving news Friday that the Supreme Court had overturned the death sentence for Curtis Flowers , a Mississippi black man. “People have never been required to talk about it. But when you sit and think about it, the correlation is there.”

Stevenson said the white lynch mob transformed into a formal judicial process in which often white prosecutors, white judges and largely white juries are tasked with deciding if a poor, black male accused of a crime is sentenced to death.

“True Justice: Bryan Stevenson’s Fight for Equality,” set to air Wednesday on HBO, shows how the Harvard-trained attorney is now dedicating his life to forcing the U.S. to face the violence experienced by its communities of color.

The Delaware-born Stevenson gained national attention in 1993 after he helped exonerate Walter McMillian, a 46-year-old black pulpwood worker on death row. McMillian had been sentenced to death for the 1986 fatal shooting of an 18-year-old white woman in an Alabama town where Harper Lee wrote “To Kill a Mockingbird.” But Stevenson was able to prove that a key witness had lied and prosecutors withheld important evidence.

The attorney then helped exonerate Anthony Ray Hinton in 2015, an African American man who spent 30 years on death row in Alabama after he was convicted for the 1985 slaying of two fast-food managers. Stevenson was able to show that experts could prove Hinton’s mother’s gun, the one prosecutor said was using in the killings, couldn’t have been the one used in the shooting.

In the documentary, Hinton talks about sitting on death row and being forced to smell the burning flesh of other inmates in the electric chair as a jail guard taunted him.
The film comes as the country prepares to mark the 100th anniversary of “Red Summer” — a period in 1919 when white mobs attacked and murdered African Americans in dozens of cities across the U.S. Hundreds of African Americans, some still in their World War I uniforms, were lynched, tortured and forced from homes amid heightened racial tensions and the rise of the revived Ku Klux Klan.

It also comes as Latino academics and activists with the group Refusing to Forget are working to educate the public on violence committed by white mobs and the Texas Rangers that claimed thousands of people of Mexican descent in the American Southwest from 1910 to 1920.

Stevenson said he hopes the documentary helps other communities of color think about how they can memorialize historical sites connect to their unique past. But he said African Americans have a distinct history connected to slavery and that should not be ignored.
“This kind of lawlessness affected all kinds of communities of color,” Stevenson said. “But it’s not the same. Lynching starts with enslavement. Black people didn’t come here as immigrants.”

“True Justice” will be available on HBO NOW, HBO GO, and other streaming platforms.

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